Europe Fats And Oils Market

Europe Fats and Oils Market Size

The Europe Fats and Oils Market size was calculated to be USD 67.87 billion in 2024 and is anticipated to be worth USD 97.27 billion by 2033 from USD 70.64 billion in 2025, growing at a CAGR of 4.08% during the forecast period.

Fats and oils refer to the edible and functional lipids derived from plant, animal, and marine sources, used across food manufacturing, foodservice, and household cooking. These include vegetable oils such as rapeseed, sunflower, palm, and olive oil, as well as animal fats like butter lard, and tallow, which serve as essential ingredients for texture, flavo,r energy densi,, ty,, and shelf stability in processed and traditional foods. The market operates within a complex regulatory and sustainability framework shaped by the European Green Deal, the Farm to Fork Strategy, and stringent food safety standards under Regulation EC No 178 2002. The European Union's total oilseed production generally hovers around 30 million tonnes annually, with some yearly fluctuation based on growing conditions. The majority of this production is for rapeseed, which is the primary domestic crop used for crushing to produce oils and animal feed. As per sources, the EU imported millions of metric tons of palm oil primarily for food and biofuel use, triggering ongoing debates about deforestation and supply chain transparency. Consumer behavior further shapes demand, with a portion of EU citizens active lavoidingid products containing trans fats and seeking oils labeled as non-hydrogenated or cold-pressed. Consequently, the market is driven not by volume alone but by evolving nutritional expectations, environmental accountability, and regulatory compliance.

MARKET DRIVERS

Mandatory Elimination of Industrial Trans Fats Across the European Union

EU legislation restricts industrial trans fats in food products, which drives the growth of the Europe fats and oils market. Following the implementation of best-practice policies, the consumption of industrially produced trans fats in Europe has significantly decreased, which is a crucial public health achievement that is expected to reduce premature deaths from cardiovascular diseases. Food manufacturers have responded by reformulating baked goods, margarine,s and frying fats with alternative oils such as high oleic sunflower rapeseed and palm stearin that provide functional stability without partial hydrogenation. The EU's mandatory limit on industrial trans fatty acids in food products has led to high compliance across the food supply, ensuring that the vast majority of packaged foods available in the market meet the safety threshold. This regulatory mandate has created sustained demand for trans-fat-free oils, particularly those with high oxidative stability, suitable for industrial frying and baking. National health agencies in Germany, France, and the Netherlands actively promote high oleic oils in school meal programs and public catering, reinforcing structural demand beyond private sector compliance.

Growth of Plant-Based and Vegan Food Manufacturing

The rapid expansion of plant-based meat and dairy alternatives has intensified demand for functional oils that replicate the mouthfeel and cooking properties of animal fats, and thereby propels the expansion of the Europe fats and oils market. According to the Good Food Institute Europe, sales volume of plant-based foods in key European markets showed a general upward trend between 2022 and 2024, with total market values increasing in countries like Italy and Spain while stabilizing in others like Germany. These products rely heavily on coconut oil, palm oil, and sunflower oil to provide marbling texture and sizzle during cooking—attributes critical for consumer acceptance. Germany is a leading plant-based landscape in Europe, where plant-based meat products have a different lipid profile (less saturated fat) compared to animal-based products. Similarly, plant-based dairy alternatives like oat and almond milk use rapeseed or sunflower oil to enhance creaminess and fortify with fat-soluble vitamins. This innovation-driven sector transforms commodity oils into value-added ingredients, fueling premium demand in a rapidly scaling alternative protein ecosystem.

MARKET RESTRAINTS

EU Deforestation Regulation Imposing Stringent Supply Chain Due Diligence

The European Union Deforestation Regulation enacted in 2023 has specific requirements for businesses, which inhibit the growth of the Europe fats and oils market. Companies placing palm, soy, and other forest-risk commodities on the EU market must verify that their products were not grown on deforested land. Compliance demands geolocation mapping of every farm in the supply chain, satellite monitoring, and third-party verification, processes that small and medium edible oil refiners often lack the capacity to implement. The administrative burden and risk of exclusion have driven some manufacturers to shift to certified sustainable sources, which carry a price premium as documented by the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil. These constraints increase costs, reduce supply flexibility, and disproportionately affect regional food processors with limited procurement leverage.

Consumer Backlash Against Palm Oil Despite Sustainability Efforts

European consumers continue to associate palm oil with environmental destruction, despite industry initiatives like RSPO certification, which leads to widespread avoidance regardless of sourcing claims, and inhibits the expansion of the Europe fats and oils market. Retailers have responded by reformulating or removing palm oil entirely, even when alternatives carry higher land or carbon footprints. Major food companies have reformulated numerous product lines in Europe, opting to substitute palm oil with alternatives like sunflower or rapeseed oil. This shift has occurred even when the alternative oils did not perform as well functionally in certain products. The decision to use these temperate crops can affect land use dynamics, potentially increasing the land area needed per unit of fat produced because these crops generally yield less oil than tropical alternatives. The disconnect between scientific sustainability metrics and public perception creates a market distortion where environmentally efficient oils are penalized while less efficient alternatives gain favor. This reputational risk suppresses demand for palm oil even from verified sustainable sources, undermining the economic viability of responsible producers.

MARKET OPPORTUNITIES

Expansion of High Oleic Oil Production for Foodservice and Industrial Use

High oleic varieties of sunflower rapeseed and safflower oils are gaining traction as stable trans fat free frying and baking media, which creates new opportunities for the growth of the Europe fats and oils market. These oils offer oxidative stability comparable to partially hydrogenated oils without forming trans fat,s making them ideal for repeated use in restaurant fryers and industrial snack production. The European Food Safety Authority recognizes high oleic oils as safe for repeated heating under Regulation EU. National programs subsidize the adoption of high oleic oils in school and hospital kitchens. This convergence of regulatory support, functional performance, and health positioning opens a high-value growth corridor aligned with Europe’s public health and circular economy goals.

Integration of Algae and Microbial Oils into Premium Nutrition Segments

Innovative lipid sources such as algae and microbial oils are emerging as sustainable alternatives for omega three fortification and clean label applications, and thereby offer fresh prospects for the expansion of the Europe fats and oils market. These oils bypass fish sourcing constraints and offer non GMO non allergenic profiles compliant with the EU Novel Food Regulation. A company introduced a range of plant-based milk products supplemented with an omega-3 ingredient derived from algae. A specific type of algal oil has been incorporated into numerous infant formula products across a region. A regulatory body's approval of an oil derived from a type of algae for broad food use eased a significant regulatory obstacle. Consumer willingness to pay premiums for sustainable omega-3 sources fuels adoption in high-margin segments. This biotechnology-driven shift transforms lipid sourcing from agricultural extraction to fermentation-based production, offering cclimate-resilientscalable, and traceable alternatives to traditional oils.

MARKET CHALLENGES

Volatility in Rapeseed Production Due to Climate and Pest Pressures

Rapeseed, the EU’s primary oilseed crop, faces escalating yield instability from climate extremes and pest infestations, which threatens domestic oil supply, and negatively impacts the growth of the Europe fats and oils market. According to sources, EU rapeseed production generally increased between 2021 and 2023, with a notable rise in 2022 and stable high output in 2023, despite challenges in some regions. Following a period of stability or slight increase, the European Union's winter rapeseed area remained relatively unchanged in 2023, as detailed in reports from the European Commission. This volatility forces edible oil refiners to increase reliance on imported soybean and sunflower oil, sources subject to geopolitical and sustainability constraints. The German edible oil industry maintained a high reliance on imported soybeans and soybean oil in 2023 as a complementary oilseed source, which continues a general trend. Climate projections indicate further yield declines. This supply insecurity undermines efforts to build resilient local oil value chains and increases exposure to global market fluctuations.

Complex and Inconsistent Front-of-Pack Nutrition Labeling Across Member States

The absence of a harmonized EU front-of-pack nutrition label creates confusion for consumers and complicates product formulation for multinational brands, which in turn constrains the expansion of the Europe fats and oils market. The methodology and fat assessment criteria used in implemented or piloted food labeling systems vary significantly across different countries. Scientific bodies like the EFSA emphasize the public health importance of reducing saturated fat intake and recommend a focus on beneficial unsaturated fats, which leads to ongoing discussions and potential revisions of front-of-pack labeling algorithms like the Nutri-Score to better differentiate between types of fats. This inconsistency leads to contradictory health signals; for example, extra virgin olive oil receives a low Nutri Score despite strong evidence of cardiovascular benefits. Manufacturers respond by reformulating for the strictest system, often reducing healthy monounsaturated fats to improve scores. So, this regulatory fragmentation distorts consumer choice and disincentivizes the use of nutritionally superior oils in processed foods.

REPORT COVERAGE

SEGMENTAL ANALYSIS

By Product Type Insights

The rapeseed oil segment dominated the Europe fats and oils market and captured a 28.1% share in 2024. The dominance of the rapeseed oil segment is driven by its dual role as a domestic food oil and industrial feedstock. Rapeseed is the most widely cultivated oilseed crop in the European Union, with millions of hectares planted annually. According to sources, the EU produced millions of metric tons of rapeseed, with Germany, France, Poland, and Romania accounting for a portion of total output. This domestic supply chain supports a robust crushing industry that processes rapeseed into oil and protein meal, both critical for food and feed security. National policies further reinforce its position. Germany’s Renewable Energy Sources Act historically incentivized rapeseed-based biodiesel while France’s protein plan promotes domestic oilseed use to reduce soybean imports. This agricultural and policy entrenchment ensures rapeseed oil remains the backbone of Europe’s edible and technical lipid supply. Rapeseed oil, often marketed as canola oil in refined form, contains less saturated fat and monounsaturated oleic acid, which makes it one of the healthiest widely available cooking oils. Its naturally trans-fat-free composition aligns perfectly. Supermarkets across Northern and Central Europe now feature cold-pressed and high-oleic variants catering to health-conscious consumers. This nutritional and regulatory alignment sustains broad demand across household foodservice and industrial segments.

The high oleic sunflower oil segment is anticipated to witness the fastest CAGR of 7.3% from 2025 to 2033. The rapid expansion of the high oleic sunflower oil segment is propelled by superior oxidative stability for industrial frying and snack production, and the expansion of EU cultivation and alignment with sustainable sourcing goals. High oleic sunflower oil contains a notable share of oleic acid, which dramatically improves heat stability and shelf life compared to conventional sunflower oil. High oleic variants may help in extending the useful life of frying oil in commercial kitchen environments, which can lead to changes in oil usage and waste management practices. The use of high oleic sunflower oil by food product manufacturers has been associated with observed changes in consumer feedback related to product quality and the amount of oil needed during production processes. These specific types of oils are considered acceptable for repeated heating processes, allowing for widespread use in food service applications. Major chains have adopted high oleic sunflower oil across Western Europe for french fries and baked snacks to comply with trans-fat bans while maintaining crispness and flavor. This functional superiority drives rapid adoption in high-volume industrial applications. The European Union has actively promoted high oleic sunflower cultivation as a strategic crop to reduce dependency on imported tropical oils. National subsidies under the Common Agricultural Policy now favor non-GMO high oleic hybrids that require fewer pesticides and deliver premium prices to farmers. The domestic production growth enables fully traceable European supply chains that meet retailer sustainability criteria without deforestation risk. Companies market EU-grown high oleic oil to cater to eco-conscious consumers, which creates a premium segment that merges performance with provenance.

By Application Insights

The food and beverage segment led the Europe fats and oils market and accounted for a substantial share in 2024. The prominence of the food and beverage segment is credited to the essential role of fats and oils in culinary and processed food systems. Fats and oils are irreplaceable functional ingredients in a vast array of food products, providing mouthfeel, emulsification, and oxidative protection. Rapeseed, sunflower, and palm oils are particularly valued for their neutral taste and versatility in margarines, shortenings, and frying applications. The EU’s trans-fat elimination regulation has further concentrated demand on stable non-hydrogenated oils like high oleic sunflower and palm stearin. This deep integration into food manufacturing ensures consistent high-volume demand regardless of consumer trends toward whole foods. Edible oils are deeply embedded in national cuisines and daily cooking practices. National dietary guidelines in France, Germany, and the Netherlands explicitly recommend specific oils for heart health, reinforcing habitual use. The rise of home cooking post-pandemic has further boosted retail sales. This cultural entrenchment, combined with functional necessity, ensures the food and beverage segment remains the dominant application across all socioeconomic strata.

The personal care segment is likely to experience the fastest CAGR of 8.1% during the forecast period, owing to consumer demand for natural and edible oils in clean beauty formulations, and regulatory support for sustainable and biodegradable cosmetic ingredients. European consumers increasingly seek cosmetic products formulated with food-grade natural ingredients perceived as safer and more sustainable. Cold-pressed rapeseed and olive oil are valued for their omega fatty acid and antioxidant content, which align with anti-aging and skin barrier claims. Brands leverage EEU-sourcedoils in certified natural and organic products, commanding premium pricing. This edible to topical trend transforms commodity oils into high-value cosmetic active, driving innovation in refining and stabilization for dermal use. The European Union’s Chemicals Strategy for Sustainability prioritizes biodegradable plant-based ingredients over persistent petrochemicals in personal care products. The EU Ecolabel criteria for cosmetics explicitly favor plant-derived oils from certified sustainable sources, further incentivizing their use. National initiatives encourage brands to disclose oil origins and processing methods, enhancing transparency. This regulatory and consumer alignment creates a virtuous cycle where sustainability, safety, and efficacy converge to accelerate the adoption of edible oils in Europe’s booming natural beauty market.

By Source Insights

The plant source segment captured the majority share of the Europe fats and oils market in 2024. The leading position of the plant source segment is attributed to regulatory and consumer preference for plant-based lipids over animal fats, and the sustainability and scalability of plant oil production systems. European dietary guidelines and public health policies consistently promote plant oils as healthier alternatives to animal fats due to their lower saturated fat content and absence of cholesterol. The EU’s trans fat regulation further accelerated this shift as food manufacturers replaced partially hydrogenated oils with plant-based alternatives rather than reformulating with animal fats. National school meal programs in Sweden, Germany, and the Netherlands mandate the use of plant oils in institutional kitchens, reinforcing early dietary habits. This structural preference ensures plant sources remain the default across food manufacturing, foodservice, and retail channels. Plant oils offer greater scalability and a lower environmental footprint per unit of fat compared to animal fats when produced responsibly. The EU’s Farm to Fork Strategy explicitly encourages plant-based fat production to reduce agricultural greenhouse gas emissions and land pressure. Domestic crops like rapeseed and sunflower require no deforestation and integrate into crop rotation systems that improve soil health. This alignment with Europe’s climate and food security objectives solidifies the dominance of plant sources across industrial and consumer applications.

The algae and microbial oils segment is on the rise and is expected to be the fastest growing segment in the market by witnessing a CAGR of 12.4% over the forecast period due to demand for sustainable omega three fatty acids in fortified foods and supplements. Algal oil is the only commercially viable vegan source of docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid, long chain omega three fatty acids essential for brain and cardiovascular health. Algal oil has been recognized as safe for consumption across various food products. The use of algal oil extends to applications such as infant formula, dietary supplements, and functional foods. A number of approvals have been granted for products containing algal oil within the food regulatory framework. The capacity for producing algal oil that is rich in DHA has seen an expansion within Europe. Key food and ingredient companies incorporate European-produced algal oil into their product lines. The rise of plant-based diets has intensified demand for non-fish omega three sources, with a portion of European consumers willing to pay a premium for algal fortified products. Infant formula accounts for a portion of algal oil use in Europe due to mandatory DHA supplementation requirements in multiple EU countries. This regulatory and demographic tailwind ensures rapid expansion in high-value nutrition segments. Unlike field crops, algae and microbial oils are produced in controlled fermentation tanks using non-arable land and minimal water. Companies operate carbon-neutral fermentation plants in Europe using renewable energy and waste CO2 as feedstock. The European Chemicals Agency classifies these oils as non-GMO and allergen-free, facilitating clean label positioning. This convergence of environmental efficiency, regulatory approval, and consumer acceptance positions algae and microbial oils as the future frontier of sustainable lipid innovation in Europe.

REGIONAL ANALYSIS

Germany Fats and Oils Market Analysis

Germany outperformed other countries in the Europe fats and oils market and captured a 18.1% share in 2024. The dominance of the German market is primarily driven by its massive food processing industry, strong domestic rapeseed production, and stringent trans-fat regulations. According to sources, substantial metric tons of vegetable oils were consumed, with rapeseed oil accounting for a portion of edible use. Germany is home to major edible oil refiners like Cargill and Nordmann and hosts Europe’s largest margarine and snack manufacturing sector, which relies heavily on high oleic and palm stearin blends. Additionally, Germany’s Renewable Energy Sources Act historically supported rapeseed biodiesel, creating integrated oilseed value chains. This combination of industrial demand, agricultural output, and regulatory leadership sustains Germany’s position as Europe’s largest and most technologically advanced fats and oils market.

Spain Fats and Oils Market Analysis

Spain was the next prominent player in the Europe fats and oils market and accounted for a 14.6% share in 2024. The growth of the Spanish market is propelled by olive oil dominance and sunflower oil production. Spain is the world’s largest producer of olive oil,l with significant metric tons produced, which accounts for a portion of global output. Per capita consumption exceeds notable kilograms annually, thus making olive oil a cultural and economic cornerstone. Simultaneously, Spain is Europe’s top sunflower oil producer. Retailers prioritize domestic oils in private label lines, reinforcing local sourcing. This dual engine of premium olive oil exports and industrial sunflower oil production creates a balanced and resilient market that bridges traditional and modern lipid demands.

France Fats and Oils Market Analysis

France grew steadily in the Europe fats and oils market due to rapeseed leadership and culinary oil diversity. France is Europe’ssecond-largestt rapeseed producer, with notable metric tons harvested, which supports a robust crushing industry that supplies both the food and biodiesel sectors. The national protein plan actively promotes domestic oilseed use to cut soybean imports and enhance food sovereignty. French consumers use a wide array of oils, including rapeseed, sunflower, walnut, and olive, reflecting regional culinary traditions with per capita consumption of specialty oils among the highest in Europe. The government’s Nutri Score system influences formulation, with food manufacturers favoring rapeseed oil for its favorable fatty acid profile. Additionally, France hosts major edible oil innovators. This blend of agricultural policy, consumer sophistication, and industrial innovation sustains France’s dynamic and diversified market.

Italy Fats and Oils Market Analysis

Italy expanded moderately in the Europe fats and oils market owing to its premium olive oil heritage and import reliance for other oils. Italy is the EU’s second-largest olive oil producer and the world’s leading exporter of extra virgin olive oil, with a notable number of farms cultivating olives. Domestic consumption of edible fats exceeds 11 kilograms per person each year, a diet in which olive oil plays a central role. Olive oil consumption is a key part of the Mediterranean diet, which is widely promoted in national health guidelines. However, Italy currently needs to import the majority of its sunflower, soybean, and palm oils because of limited domestic oilseed cultivation. This reliance on imports makes the country vulnerable to fluctuations in global prices and sustainability concerns. In response, there is a strategy in place that aims to boost the domestic production of sunflower oil and reduce the use of imported palm oil. This involves voluntary agreements with major retailers. Premiumization is a key trend with a portion of olive oil sales in glass bottles and protected designation of origin labels as per the Italian Olive Oil Association. This focus on quality provenance and tradition ensures Italy remains a high-value market despite structural import dependencies.

United Kingdom Fats and Oils Market Analysis

The United Kingdom is anticipated to grow in the Europe fats and oils market from 2025 to 2033 due to post Brexit regulatory autonomy and strong trans-fat enforcement. A limit was introduced on industrial trans fat content in foods sold within the United Kingdom. The regulation specified a maximum level for industrial trans fat present in all relevant food products. Following the introduction of the policy, the general daily consumption of this type of fat in the population decreased significantly. The UK imports most of its vegetable oil, including palm, sunflower, and rapeseed, primarily from Southeast Asia and Eastern Europe. Post Brexit, the Food Standards Agency maintains alignment with EU food safety rules but has introduced faster approval pathways for sustainable oils like high oleic sunflower. Retailers have committedto RSPO-segregatedd palm oil and are expanding high-oleic oil use in private label snacks. The rise of plant-based eating has also driven demand for coconut and rapeseed oil in vegan products. This regulatory rigor, combined with retailer leadership and consumer awareness,s creates a disciplined yet evolving market shaped by health and sustainability imperatives.

COMPETITION OVERVIEW

The Europe fats and oils market features a competitive landscape dominated by global agribusinesses with integrated supply chains and regional processors specializing in local oilseeds. Competition is defined by regulatory compliance, sustainability credentials, and functional performance rather than price alone. Leading players differentiate through traceability certifications, non-GMO status, and trans fat free formulations that meet evolving EU food safety and environmental mandates. The market is highly segmented by oil type, with rapeseed, sunflower, and olive oil driven by domestic production, while palm and soybean oil face increasing scrutiny over deforestation. Barriers to entry remain high due to capital-intensive refining infrastructure, stringent Novel Food and REACH regulations, and the need for extensive farmer networks. National variations in dietary preferences, labeling systems, ms and agricultural policies compel companies to adopt localized strategies, particularly between Southern and Northern Europe. Success favors firms that combine agricultural sourcing expertise, regulatory agility, and innovation in high-value segments such as high oleic oils, algae-based lipids, and clean label ingredients across food, personal care, and industrial applications.

KEY MARKET PLAYERS

A few major players of the Europe fats and oils market include

• British Food Plc
• Cargill Incorporated
• Archer Daniels Midland Company
• Unilever Plc
• United Plantations Berhad
• Wilmar International Limited
• International Foodstuff Company Holdings Ltd
• Ajinomoto Co. Inc
• Bunge Limited

Top Strategies Used by the Key Market Participants

Key players in the Europe fats and oils market focus on developinon-hydrogenatedted and high oleic oil solutions to comply with trans fat elimination regulations. They invest in traceable and deforestation-free supply chains to meet the stringent requirements of the EU Deforestation Regulation and retailer sustainability standards. Companies expand domestic oilseed crushing capacity for rapeseed and sunflower to reduce import dependency and enhance supply security. Strategic partnerships with food manufacturers, retailers,s and certification bodies ensure alignment with clean label and clean beauty trends. Additionally, they innovate in specialty oil segments such as cold-pressed organic and algal oils to capture premium growth in food, personal care, and nutritional applications.

Leading Players in the Market

• Cargill Incorporated is a global agribusiness leader with extensive operations across the Europe fats and oils market through its refining, blending, and specialty lipid solutions. The company supplies a wide portfolio, including rapesee,d sunflower, palm, and high oleic oils, to food manufacturers, foodservice providers, and industrial users. Cargill contributes to global sustainability standards by pioneering traceable palm oil supply chains and investing in European rapeseed crushing infrastructure. In Europe, the company works closely with retailers and food brands to meet trans-fat elimination and deforestation-free requirements. Recently, Cargill expanded its high oleic sunflower oil production capacity at its facility in Germany to support reformulation efforts in snacks and bakery products. These initiatives reinforce Cargill’s role as a reliable and responsible partner in Europe’s evolving edible oil landscape.
• Wilmar International Limited is one of the world’s largest palm oil processors and a significant player in the Europe fats and oils market through its refined specialty and fractionated oils. The company supplies sustainable palm and lauric oils to food confectionery and personal care industries across the continent. Wilmar contributes to global traceability efforts by implementing end-to-end supply chain monitoring under its PalmTrace system, which aligns with the EU Deforestation Regulation. In Europe,e Wilmar has strengthened partnerships with major retailers and food manufacturers to provide RSPO-segregated and mass balance certified oils. This focus on compliance innovation and sustainability enhances Wilmar’s strategic relevance in a highly regulated market.
• Bunge Limited is a leading global agribusiness with a strong presence in Europe through its oilseed crushing, refining, and specialty oil solutions. The company operates major rapeseed and sunflower processing facilities in Germany and Romania, producing oils for food, feed, and biofuel applications. Bunge contributes to Europe’s protein and oil self-sufficiency goals by sourcing oilseeds directly from regional farmers and investing in high oleic crop development. In Europe, Bunge supplies trans fat free oils to leading food manufacturers and has pioneered cold-pressed and organic oil lines for premium retail segments. Recently, the company introduced a carbon insetting program that compensates farmers for sustainable rapeseed cultivation practices. Bunge's strategic blend of sustainable agriculture and industrial reliability cements its status as Europe's top integrated, future-ready oils supplier.

MARKET SEGMENTATION

This research report on the Europe fats and oils market has been segmented and sub-segmented based on product type, application, source, and region.

By Product Type

• Olive Oil
• Soybean Oil
• Sunflower Seed Oil
• Rapeseed Oil
• Coconut Oil
• Palm Oil
• Others

By Application

• Food & beverage
• Industrial
• Animal feed
• Pharmaceutical
• Personal care

By Source

• Animal
• Plants

By Region

• UK
• France
• Spain
• Germany
• Italy
• Russia
• Sweden
• Denmark
• Switzerland
• Netherlands
• Turkey
• Czech Republic
• Rest of Europe