North America Clinical Trials Market

North America Clinical Trials Market Size

As per our analysis report, the North American Clinical Trials Market size was valued at USD 6.99 billion in 2024. The North American market is expected to reach USD 13.29 billion by 2033 from USD 7.51 billion in 2025, growing at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 7.40 % during the forecast period.

The North America clinical trials market incorporates a structured process of evaluating investigational drugs, biologics, and medical devices through human participation to assess safety, efficacy, and optimal dosing. The region remains a key player in global clinical research due to its robust regulatory framework, advanced healthcare infrastructure, and high investment in R&D by pharmaceutical and biotech firms. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) reported that it invested more than $42 billion in biomedical research in fiscal year 2023, underscoring sustained funding momentum. Besides, the integration of digital health technologies, such as electronic data capture systems and AI-driven patient recruitment tools, is reshaping trial execution.

MARKET DRIVERS

Rising Prevalence of Chronic and Infectious Diseases

One of the primary drivers of the North America clinical trials market is the growing burden of chronic diseases such as cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, and neurological conditions. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), approximately six out of ten adults in the U.S. live with at least one chronic disease, creating a pressing need for novel therapeutic interventions. This has spurred extensive clinical research aimed at developing targeted therapies, especially in oncology, where personalized medicine is gaining traction. For instance, the American Cancer Society estimated that in 2023, over 1.9 million new cancer cases were diagnosed in the U.S., reinforcing the urgency for innovative treatments and biomarker-based drug development. Also, the resurgence of infectious diseases, including HIV, hepatitis C, and antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections, has led to increased clinical activity in antiviral and antimicrobial therapies.

Strong Government Funding and Regulatory Support

Government funding and favorable regulatory policies are key catalysts propelling the North America clinical trials market. The U.S. federal government plays a pivotal role in financing biomedical research through agencies such as the National Institutes of Health (NIH). In fiscal year 2023, NIH allocated over $21 billion toward extramural research grants, directly supporting clinical investigations conducted by academic institutions and private research entities. Moreover, the FDA’s expedited review programssuch as Breakthrough Therapy Designation, Fast Track, and Priority Review have streamlined the approval process for promising new treatments. As per FDA reports, in 2023, nearly 65% of novel drug approvals utilized at least one of these accelerated pathways, incentivizing biopharmaceutical companies to conduct more trials within the region. Apart from these, initiatives like the 21st Century Cures Act have further enhanced innovation by promoting the use of real-world evidence and digital endpoints in clinical studies. Canada has similarly reinforced its clinical research landscape through the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR), which funded over 4,000 research projects in 2023, many of which involved clinical trials.

MARKET RESTRAINTS

High Cost and Complexity of Conducting Clinical Trials

A significant restraint impacting the North America clinical trials market is the escalating cost and complexity associated with designing and executing clinical studies. According to a report published by the Tufts Center for the Study of Drug Development, the average cost of bringing a new drug to market exceeds $2.8 billion, with clinical trials accounting for nearly 60% of that expenditure. Phase III trials, which typically involve large patient cohorts and extended follow-up periods, are particularly expensive, often surpassing $50 million per study. These high costs can deter smaller biotechnology firms and academic institutions from initiating trials without substantial external funding or partnerships. Furthermore, the complexity of trial design has increased with the adoption of precision medicine approaches, requiring sophisticated biomarker testing, genomic profiling, and adaptive trial methodologies. A survey conducted by the Association of Clinical Research Organizations (ACRO) found that 72% of sponsor companies cited operational complexity as a major barrier to timely trial completion. Besides, the administrative burden associated with regulatory submissions, site selection, and investigator training adds to the overall challenge.

Patient Recruitment and Retention Challenges

Patient recruitment and retention remain persistent challenges that hinder the efficiency and timelines of clinical trials in North America. According to the Center for Information & Study on Clinical Research Participation (CISCRP), approximately 85% of clinical trials fail to meet enrollment deadlines, leading to delays and increased costs. Several factors contribute to this issue, including limited awareness among patients about available trials, geographic disparities in access to trial sites, and stringent inclusion/exclusion criteria. Moreover, patient retention throughout the trial duration poses additional difficulties, particularly in long-term studies involving chronic conditions. The same survey indicated that dropout rates can reach up to 30% in some therapeutic areas, undermining data integrity and statistical power. Efforts to address these issues include decentralized trial models and digital outreach campaigns; however, their widespread adoption remains limited. As per IQVIA, even with technological advancements, 60% of trial sponsors still face recruitment shortfalls. These persistent challenges impede the speed and scalability of clinical development in North America.

MARKET OPPORTUNITIES

Adoption of Decentralized and Virtual Clinical Trials

The growing adoption of decentralized and virtual clinical trials presents a transformative opportunity for the North America clinical trials market. Traditional trial models rely heavily on centralized sites, limiting patient participation due to geographic and logistical barriers. However, advances in telemedicine, wearable biosensors, and mobile health applications have enabled remote monitoring and virtual trial execution. According to a report by Deloitte, over 40% of clinical trials initiated in North America in 2023 incorporated elements of decentralization, such as home nursing visits and e-consent platforms. This shift not only enhances patient accessibility but also improves diversity in trial populations, addressing longstanding disparities in clinical research representation. A study published found that decentralized trials achieved a 30% faster enrollment rate compared to traditional site-based models. Additionally, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has issued guidance encouraging the use of digital endpoints and remote data collection methods, further legitimizing this approach. Sponsors leveraging decentralized trial frameworks have reported reduced operational costs and improved patient retention.

Expansion of Precision Medicine and Biomarker-Driven Trials

The expansion of precision medicine and biomarker-driven clinical trials represents a major growth opportunity for the North America clinical trials market. Precision medicine tailors treatment strategies based on individual genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors, necessitating highly specialized clinical studies. According to the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the All of Us Research Program had enrolled over 500,000 participants by mid-2023, aiming to build a diverse database for advancing personalized healthcare solutions. This initiative underscores the increasing emphasis on genomics and biomarkers in clinical development. Pharmaceutical companies are increasingly integrating companion diagnostics into trial designs to identify suitable candidates for targeted therapies. Oncology remains a key therapeutic area for biomarker-driven trials.

MARKET CHALLENGES

Regulatory Complexity and Compliance Burden

Regulatory complexity and compliance burden pose significant challenges to the North America clinical trials market, particularly in the context of evolving oversight frameworks. Additionally, recent updates to Good Clinical Practice (GCP) guidelines and the implementation of the Clinical Trial Transparency Initiative have introduced new documentation and disclosure requirements. In Canada, Health Canada’s adoption of the International Council for Harmonisation (ICH) E6(R3) guidelines has further intensified compliance demands for multi-national trials. According to the Association of Clinical Research Professionals (ACRP), nearly 55% of clinical research coordinators reported increased stress levels due to heightened audit expectations and real-time reporting obligations.

Data Management and Interoperability Issues

Data management and interoperability issues represent a critical challenge in the North America clinical trials market, particularly as digital transformation accelerates across the sector. Clinical trials generate vast amounts of heterogeneous data from multiple sources—including electronic health records (EHRs), lab results, wearables, and patient-reported outcomes—yet integrating these datasets remains a complex endeavor. This lack of interoperability not only delays data analysis but also increases the risk of errors and inconsistencies. The Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology (ONC) has promoted standardized data formats such as HL7 FHIR to improve compatibility; however, adoption remains uneven across trial sites and vendors. Additionally, data silos between pharmaceutical companies, contract research organizations (CROs), and academic institutions hinder seamless collaboration. A survey by the Clinical Data Interchange Standards Consortium (CDISC) revealed that 68% of clinical researchers faced challenges in aligning datasets for regulatory submissions.

SEGMENTAL ANALYSIS

By Phase Insights

The Phase III clinical trials represented the largest segment in the North America clinical trials market by accounting for 38.1% of total trial activity in 2024. This dominance is because Phase III trials are pivotal in determining a drug’s efficacy and safety before regulatory submission. These trials typically involve large patient cohorts which increases their operational scale and financial investment. The complexity and duration of these trials—often spanning several years—necessitate significant funding and infrastructure, primarily provided by major pharmaceutical companies. A report by the Tufts Center for the Study of Drug Development highlighted that Phase III trials account for nearly 40% of the total cost incurred during drug development. Also, the high failure rate in earlier phases pushes sponsors to invest heavily in Phase III once promising results are observed. Moreover, pharmaceutical firms allocate a substantial portion of their R&D budgets to Phase III trials due to their critical role in gaining market approval. In 2023, the top 10 global pharmaceutical companies collectively spent over $50 billion on late-stage clinical development, with most of these trials conducted in North America. The presence of well-established clinical research organizations (CROs), experienced investigators, and access to diverse patient populations make North America an ideal location for conducting large-scale trials. Furthermore, regulatory incentives such as Breakthrough Therapy Designation and Fast Track status encourage sponsors to fast-track Phase III enrollment, contributing to the segment’s sustained growth. A different driving factor is regulatory mandates for extensive safety and efficacy data. Regulatory agencies like the FDA require comprehensive evidence from Phase III trials before granting marketing authorization for new therapies. The agency mandates that these trials demonstrate statistically significant outcomes in well-defined patient populations, ensuring that approved treatments meet rigorous standards for both safety and effectiveness. In 2023, the FDA approved 55 novel therapeutics, with each requiring at least one Phase III trial for validation. In addition, post-marketing requirements sometimes necessitate additional Phase III trials, particularly for biosimilars and rare disease indications. The increasing use of adaptive trial designs and real-world evidence integration has not diminished the necessity of robust Phase III data but rather enhanced its value.

Phase II clinical trials are projected to grow at the fastest CAGR of 11.2% in the North America clinical trials market through 2030. This rapid expansion is attributed to the increasing number of investigational drugs transitioning from early discovery into human testing, especially in oncology and rare diseases. Unlike Phase I trials, which focus on pharmacokinetics and initial safety, Phase II trials assess preliminary efficacy and optimal dosing regimens, making them crucial for go/no-go decisions in drug development. The growing adoption of biomarker-driven and basket trial designs has also contributed to faster recruitment and more targeted evaluation of therapeutic candidates. Additionally, the rise in public-private partnerships and venture capital funding for biotech startups has accelerated Phase II trial initiation.

Moreover, the shift toward precision medicine has significantly influenced the growth trajectory of Phase II clinical trials in North America. Biomarker-driven trials allow researchers to identify subpopulations most likely to respond to a given therapy, thereby improving the probability of success in later stages. As per the Personalized Medicine Coalition, over 40% of Phase II trials launched in 2023 incorporated biomarker testing, compared to just 18% in 2018. The National Cancer Institute (NCI) has actively promoted the use of genomic profiling in early-phase cancer trials, with its MATCH program enrolling patients based on tumor mutations rather than traditional histology. Moreover, companion diagnostic development is increasingly integrated into Phase II protocols, enabling sponsors to align therapeutic strategies with patient stratification. This trend has been particularly pronounced in immuno-oncology, where PD-L1 expression levels and microsatellite instability markers are routinely assessed during Phase II evaluations. Another propelling aspect is the rise in biotech startups and venture capital investments. The proliferation of biotechnology startups and increased venture capital (VC) investments have directly fueled the growth of Phase II clinical trials in North America. Unlike large pharmaceutical companies that often prioritize late-stage assets, emerging biotechs frequently initiate clinical testing at the Phase II level, leveraging existing preclinical data to accelerate timelines. A report by Silicon Valley Bank indicated that 65% of biotech firms launching first-in-human trials in 2023 opted to start directly at Phase II when supported by strong biomarker hypotheses. In addition, contract research organizations (CROs) now offer streamlined Phase II execution models, including adaptive trial designs and digital monitoring tools, making it more feasible for smaller firms to advance their pipelines.

By Design Insights

Interventional trials dominated the North America clinical trials market by holding 65.6% of the total share in 2024. These trials involve the administration of specific interventions such as drugs, devices, or behavioral therapies4 to evaluate their impact on health outcomes. Their prominence is largely because they serve as the gold standard for regulatory approval of new therapeutics. Many of these trials are sponsored by pharmaceutical companies, academic institutions, and government-funded research bodies. Interventional trials span multiple phases and therapeutic areas, with oncology, cardiovascular diseases, and central nervous system (CNS) disorders being the most commonly studied fields. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) requires interventional trial data for most new drug approvals, reinforcing their strategic importance in the drug development lifecycle.

One of the key drivers behind the dominance of interventional trials is their mandatory role in regulatory submissions for new drug approvals. The FDA mandates that investigational products undergo structured interventional testing to establish safety, efficacy, and dose-response relationships. Additionally, the increasing use of adaptive interventional trial frameworks such as seamless Phase I/II and platform trials has enhanced the efficiency of drug development without compromising regulatory rigor. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) also continues to fund numerous interventional trials under its grant programs, further bolstering their prevalence in the clinical research ecosystem.

Pharmaceutical and biotech companies form the backbone of interventional trial sponsorship in North America. These trials often target high-prevalence diseases such as diabetes, Alzheimer’s, and various cancers, aligning with commercial interests and unmet medical needs. Moreover, the influx of biotech startups many of which focus on niche therapeutic areas has expanded the pipeline of interventional studies. Contract research organizations (CROs) have also played a pivotal role in facilitating trial execution, offering end-to-end support from protocol design to data analysis.

Expanded access trials, also known as compassionate use trials, are experiencing the highest growth in the North America clinical trials market, with a CAGR of 13.5% projected through 2033. These trials provide investigational therapies to patients with serious or life-threatening conditions who do not qualify for ongoing clinical studies. Historically a niche area, expanded access has gained momentum due to increasing patient advocacy, evolving regulatory policies, and greater awareness among healthcare providers. According to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), requests for expanded access increased by 22% in 2023 compared to the prior year, with over 2,000 individual patient requests reviewed. In addition, the Right to Try Act, enacted in the U.S. in 2018, has further facilitated access to experimental treatments outside the traditional clinical trial framework, driving demand for expanded access protocols.

Patient demand and advocacy efforts have emerged as powerful catalysts for the growth of expanded access trials. Rare disease communities, oncology patients, and caregivers have increasingly mobilized to push for early access to investigational therapies. According to the Abigail Alliance for Better Access to Experimental Drugs, over 15,000 patients sought expanded access treatment options in 2023, a 28% increase from 2022. Social media campaigns and online platforms have amplified patient voices, pressuring regulators and sponsors to accommodate compassionate use requests. In response, many pharmaceutical companies have developed formal expanded access programs (EAPs) to manage these inquiries systematically.

Regulatory flexibility and policy reforms have played a crucial role in accelerating the growth of expanded access trials. The FDA has streamlined the application process for expanded access, reducing administrative burdens and expediting review times. In 2023, the FDA approved 99.5% of expanded access requests within 30 days, compared to 97% in 2022, as reported in the agency’s annual transparency report. Moreover, the implementation of the Right to Try Act has enabled terminally ill patients to access investigational drugs without FDA involvement, although this pathway remains controversial. Parallel initiatives in Canada have also expanded eligibility criteria for compassionate use, leading to a key increase in expanded access applications in 2024.

By Indication Insights

Oncology depicted the biggest therapeutic indication segment in the North America clinical trials market by capturing a 32.6% of the total share in 2024. This is driven by the rising incidence of cancer, increased investment in oncology R&D, and the emergence of novel treatment modalities such as immunotherapies and gene therapies. According to the American Cancer Society, over 1.9 million new cancer cases were diagnosed in the U.S. in 2023, reinforcing the urgency for innovative treatment solutions. Additionally, the National Cancer Institute (NCI) reported that in fiscal year 2023, it allocated over $6.4 billion to cancer research, with a significant portion supporting clinical trials across various malignancies. The growing emphasis on personalized medicine and biomarker-driven approaches has further expanded the scope of oncology trials, attracting both pharmaceutical companies and academic research centers.

The escalating burden of cancer across all demographics is a primary driver behind the dominance of the oncology segment.  Also, the aging population, lifestyle changes, and environmental factors have contributed to higher cancer prevalence, particularly in lung, breast, prostate, and colorectal cancers. This widespread disease burden has prompted extensive clinical investigation, with thousands of oncology trials initiated annually across North America. The availability of specialized research networks, such as the NCI Community Oncology Research Program (NCORP), further facilitates broad-based trial participation, reinforcing oncology's leadership position in the clinical trials landscape.

The rapid advancement of immuno-oncology and targeted therapies has significantly boosted oncology clinical trial activity in North America. Immunotherapies such as checkpoint inhibitors, CAR-T cell therapies, and cancer vaccines have revolutionized treatment paradigms, prompting a surge in related clinical investigations. Additionally, the integration of biomarker testing and next-generation sequencing has enabled more precise patient selection, enhancing the likelihood of positive trial outcomes. The Personalized Medicine Coalition noted that in 2023, 45% of newly approved oncology drugs had associated companion diagnostics, a figure that has doubled since 2018.

Central Nervous System (CNS) disorder-related clinical trials are witnessing the swiftest development in the North America clinical trials market, with a projected CAGR of 12.7%. This growth is fueled by increasing mental health awareness, rising prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s, and heightened investment in neuropsychiatric research. According to the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), nearly 1 in 5 U.S. adults experience mental illness each year, yet only about half receive treatment, highlighting the urgent need for new therapeutic interventions. The Alzheimer’s Association estimated that in 2023, over 6.7 million Americans were living with Alzheimer’s disease, with cases expected to double by 2050. These trends have spurred extensive clinical research aimed at developing novel treatments for neurological and psychiatric conditions.

The escalating prevalence of neurological and psychiatric disorders is a major catalyst for the growth of CNS-related clinical trials. The World Health Organization (WHO) identified depression as the leading cause of disability worldwide, with over 21 million U.S. adults experiencing at least one major depressive episode in 2023. Concurrently, neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are becoming more prevalent due to an aging population. In response, research institutions and biotech firms have ramped up CNS-focused clinical programs. The Michael J. Fox Foundation reported that in 2023, over 200 Parkinson’s related trials were active in North America, marking a 20% increase from the previous year.

Advances in neuroscience, brain imaging technologies, and digital therapeutics are accelerating the pace of CNS clinical trials. Innovations such as functional MRI, positron emission tomography (PET), and biomarker identification have improved understanding of disease mechanisms, enabling more targeted interventions. Also, the emergence of digital therapeutics—software-based interventions designed to treat cognitive and behavioral disorders—has introduced novel trial formats. Like, over 30 digital therapeutics received regulatory clearance in North America in 2023, many of which underwent rigorous clinical evaluation. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) also increased funding for neuroscience research, allocating over $6 billion in fiscal year 2023 to support CNS-related clinical studies.

REGIONAL ANALYSIS

The United States held the dominant position in the North America clinical trials market by commanding 82.4% of the regional share in 2024. It serves as a global hub for clinical research due to its well-developed regulatory framework, world-class research institutions, and strong investment in biomedical innovation. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) maintains stringent yet transparent guidelines that facilitate high-quality trial execution, while the National Institutes of Health (NIH) provides substantial funding for investigator-initiated and industry-sponsored studies. Also, the presence of leading pharmaceutical and biotech firms, along with a vast network of contract research organizations (CROs), contributes to the country’s robust clinical trial ecosystem. A key strength of the U.S. clinical trials market lies in its ability to attract multinational trials due to standardized data collection practices and advanced digital infrastructure. The country also leads in oncology, autoimmune, and CNS disorder trials, benefiting from a large and diverse patient pool. Furthermore, the growing adoption of decentralized clinical trials and AI-driven patient recruitment tools has enhanced trial efficiency.

Canada holds a prominent position in the North America clinical trials market. The country has emerged as a preferred destination for multinational clinical research due to its supportive regulatory environment, bilingual workforce, and publicly funded healthcare system that facilitates patient recruitment. Health Canada, the federal regulator, has implemented efficient review processes aligned with international standards, allowing faster trial initiation. A major driver of Canada’s clinical trial growth is its strong collaboration between academia, government, and private sector stakeholders. Additionally, provinces such as Ontario, Quebec, and British Columbia have established dedicated clinical research hubs to streamline trial execution. The Pan-Canadian Oncology Drug Review (pCODR) has also encouraged pharmaceutical companies to conduct trials in Canada by integrating clinical trial data into reimbursement decisions.

The remaining share of the North America clinical trials market is attributed to other regions within the continent, primarily Puerto Rico and select territories with limited but growing clinical trial activity. While not as prominent as the U.S. and Canada, these areas offer unique advantages such as lower operational costs, English-speaking populations, and proximity to major research centers. Puerto Rico has seen a steady rise in clinical trial participation, particularly in chronic disease and infectious disease studies. This segment benefits from streamlined regulatory oversight and access to a genetically diverse patient population, which enhances the relevance of clinical findings. Additionally, Puerto Rico offers favorable tax incentives and infrastructure support for pharmaceutical companies looking to expand their clinical footprint. Despite its small market share, Rest of North America plays a complementary role in the broader clinical research landscape, offering scalable opportunities for future expansion as regional capabilities continue to evolve.

KEY MARKET PLAYERS

Companies playing a vital role in the North American clinical trials market profiled in this report are Chiltern, Omnicare, PPD, Parexel, Kendle, Quintiles, ICON Plc, and Charles River. In addition, most companies are outsourcing the clinical trials of their newly developed drugs to various contract research organizations as this could save them the hassles of regulatory issues and patient recruitment burden from the research and development phase.

The competition in the North America clinical trials market is characterized by a dynamic mix of established contract research organizations, emerging biotech-focused CROs, and integrated healthcare technology providers. As demand for faster, more efficient trial execution rises, companies are continuously innovating to differentiate themselves through digital transformation, operational excellence, and enhanced patient engagement strategies. The presence of a dense network of academic research centers, well-developed regulatory infrastructure, and high R&D investments further intensifies the competitive environment. Major players are not only expanding their service offerings but also integrating artificial intelligence, machine learning, and real-world data into clinical workflows to optimize outcomes. Additionally, the increasing emphasis on decentralization and remote monitoring is reshaping how trials are conducted, prompting firms to invest in scalable technologies and strategic alliances. This evolving landscape fosters continuous improvement, drives down inefficiencies, and ultimately benefits sponsors seeking reliable, agile partners for clinical development in North America.

Top Players in the North America Clinical Trials Market

IQVIA

IQVIA is a leading global provider of advanced analytics, technology solutions, and clinical development services for the life sciences industry. In the North America clinical trials market, IQVIA plays a pivotal role by offering end-to-end clinical trial support, from patient recruitment to data management and regulatory submissions. The company leverages artificial intelligence and real-world evidence to enhance trial efficiency and accelerate drug development timelines. Its extensive network of investigative sites and digital platforms enables seamless trial execution across therapeutic areas.

Parexel International Corporation

Parexel is a prominent contract research organization (CRO) that provides a full spectrum of clinical development services. In North America, Parexel contributes significantly to advancing clinical trials through its expertise in regulatory consulting, biostatistics, and clinical monitoring. The company supports both large pharmaceutical firms and emerging biotech companies in navigating complex trial landscapes. With a strong focus on innovation, Parexel integrates digital tools and decentralized trial models to improve patient engagement and streamline trial operations.

PPD, Inc. (now part of Thermo Fisher Scientific)

PPD, now a part of Thermo Fisher Scientific, has been instrumental in shaping clinical trial processes in North America. Known for its comprehensive service offerings, PPD delivers specialized expertise in Phase I through Phase IV trials, bioanalytics, and central laboratory services. The company’s strategic acquisitions and investment in technology-driven trial solutions have strengthened its position as a key player in the region, supporting faster and more efficient clinical development pathways.

Top Strategies Used by Key Market Participants

One major strategy employed by key players in the North America clinical trials market is expanding digital and decentralized trial capabilities. Companies are investing heavily in virtual trial platforms, wearable devices, and AI-powered analytics to enhance patient recruitment and retention while reducing trial timelines.

Another key approach is strategic partnerships and mergers with technology firms and biotech startups. By collaborating with innovative digital health companies or acquiring niche CROs, market leaders aim to broaden their service portfolios and strengthen their foothold in specialized therapeutic areas.

A third important strategy involves enhancing patient-centricity through improved engagement tools and diversity initiatives. Organizations are prioritizing inclusive trial designs, community outreach programs, and personalized communication channels to ensure broader participation and better representation in clinical studies.

MARKET SEGMENTATION

This report on the North American clinical trials market has been segmented into the following categories

By Phase

• Phase I
• Phase II
• Phase III

By Design

• Interventional Trials
• Observational Trials
• Expanded Access Trials

By Indications

• Oncology
• CNS

By Country

• The U.S.
• Canada
• Rest of North America